Our methodology. Russian is spoken in Ukraine as a first or a second language by almost everybody. Language has long been one of the key battlegrounds in the struggle to determine Ukraine’s post-Soviet identity. In addition to this, Russian uses modal verbs (like “will” or “shall” in English) to form future tenses, whereas Ukrainian verbs are inflected directly when speaking of the future. Alexandra lives in Ukraine and speaks Russian as her native language. Ukrainian has generally been western Ukraine’s first language, while Russian is more prominent in central and eastern Ukraine. The official language of Ukraine is Ukrainian, an East Slavic language, which is the native language of 67.5% of Ukraine's population. The Roots Of Russian And Ukrainian. In Ukraine, Russian is seen as a language of inter-ethnic communication, and a minority language, under the 1996 Constitution of Ukraine. They can both be traced back to a common ancestor, Old East-Slavic which was the language spoken in Kievan Rus’, a federation between East Slavic and Finnic people in the 7th – 14th centuries. Kyiv must take full control of its Ukrainian Russian, as widely proposed in the wake of the 2014 Revolution of Dignity, though this practical and geopolitical necessity was sidelined and half-forgotten during recent years. While Ukrainian is the official state language, Russian, a related Slavic language, is often spoken in cities in the centre and east of the country. Though Ukrainian and Russian are spoken throughout the country in varying degrees from region to region, most Ukrainians will tell you that Ukrainian is the dominant language within the country. Romanian? Despite all of this, Ukrainian and Russian aren’t the closest languages in the Slavic language family, and they’re not even mutually intelligible. As you can see from the above, Ukrainian has 3 letters that don’t exist in Russian. An example of these changes is the names of the months of the year. In Caucasus the situation is similar, albeit more complex. People simply get the impression that the two languages are mutually intelligible because the two nationalities seem to understand each other, but this is only true because Ukrainians tend to be fluent in Russian alongside Ukrainian. The prominent role played by Russian-speaking Ukrainians in repelling Putin's hybrid invasion has done much to alter perceptions of language and identity in today's Ukraine, leading to the rise of a civic national identity that goes beyond the narrow confines of language and ethnicity. And the list goes on.eval(ez_write_tag([[300,250],'autolingual_com-leader-1','ezslot_11',117,'0','0'])); Russia and Ukraine share a border that’s close to 2.300 kilometres long (or more than 1400 miles). Russian COURSE TYPES What type of Russian course are you looking for? “неділя” means “Sunday” in Ukrainian but “week” in Russian. “рожа” in Ukrainian is “rose”, whereas in Russian, it’s “mug”. In practice, however, Ukraine is very much a bilingual country with a roughly 50-50 split between Russian and Ukrainian. If we compare with other European lang… If we go even further back, the Proto-Slavic language’s ancestor was Proto-Indo-European which in turn is the predecessor of most European languages, English included. It wouldn’t work. Russian is the native language of 29.6% of Ukraine's population and the rest (2.9%) are native speakers of other languages. Save my name, email, and website in this browser for the next time I comment. Discover their incredible contributions to the arts when you learn Russian in the Ukraine. Ukrainian is mainly an advantage in Ukraine, What Languages Do They Speak In Moldova? These are “Ґ”, “Є” and “Ї”.eval(ez_write_tag([[250,250],'autolingual_com-box-4','ezslot_8',114,'0','0']));eval(ez_write_tag([[250,250],'autolingual_com-box-4','ezslot_9',114,'0','1'])); In the same way, Russian has 4 letters than aren’t used in Ukrainian, namely Ёё, ъ, ы and Ээ. [14], In September 2017, Ukraine instituted a similar policy on languages in public education. In Ukraine, including Lviv, it doesn't really matter and it isn't a problem. Despite the proximity of the two languages, they aren’t mutually intelligible, and speakers of the two languages will often have to rely on Russian, which is a language that most Ukrainians speak in addition to Ukrainian. A poll held November 2009 revealed that 54.7% of the population of Ukraine believed the language issue in Ukraine was irrelevant, that each person could speak the language they preferred and that a lot more important problems existed in the country; 14.7% of those polled stated that the language issue was an urgent problem that could not be postponed and that calls for immediate resolution; another 28.3% believed that, while the language issue needed to be resolved, this could be postponed. "[16], Russian Language Enjoying a Boost in Post-Soviet States, "Українці стали частіше розмовляти українською", "КОНСОЛІДАЦІЯ УКРАЇНСЬКОГО СУСПІЛЬСТВА : ШЛЯХИ, ВИКЛИКИ, ПЕРСПЕКТИВИ : Інформаційно-аналітичні матеріали", "ФОМ > Мнения и взгляды населения Украины в сентябре - октябре 2009 года", "Маркетинговые, социологические и политические исследования - R&B Group", Poll: more than half of Ukrainians did not consider language issue pressing, "Опитування: більшість українців спілкуються вдома українською мовою", The language question, the results of recent research in 2012, "Table 19A050501 02. Ethnologue lists 40 minority languages and dialects; nearly all are native to the former Soviet Union. Since the Soviet Union’s official language was Russian, it had become an official language of the Ukrainian SSR as well. In other words: Ukrainian and Russian have evolved in two different directions for at least 600 years, which explains why the two languages aren’t as close as many people may think. Russian. Add to that that the Russian language went a step further in the 19th century, when the Tsar Peter the Great carried out a campaign with the goal of bringing Russia closer to European culture, namely by adopting a number of words from European languages.eval(ez_write_tag([[336,280],'autolingual_com-medrectangle-4','ezslot_10',113,'0','0'])); Ukrainian, on the other hand, developed by gradually adapting its written language to the spoken vernacular, meaning that the language evolved more organically. Based on the data of a monitoring “Ukrainian society” conducted by the Institute of Sociology (Kyiv) on the yearly basis since 1994, I define the factors that influence people’s attitudes toward the Russian language. The development of the Ukrainian language in all spheres of social life is encouraged by the Ukrainian government, whereas only the free use of the Russian language is accounted for. A common misconception about the relationship between Russian and Ukrainian is that they are very close in terms of vocabulary. But how similar are Ukrainian And Russian Actually? Compare & Save » Ukraine. Ukraine was a part of the Russian Empire and after that it was a part of the Soviet Union for more than two centuries. After Belarusian, Ukrainian is also closer to Slovak, Polish and Czech than to Russian – 38% of Ukrainian vocabulary is different from Russian. Listen as she speaks about Russian in Ukraine. Russian and Ukrainian are spoken and accepted everywhere. As mentioned, 29% of Ukrainians consider Russian their mother tongue. Our Ukrainian and Russian language department was created specially for those wishing to study these languages in the capital of Ukraine. The Russian And Ukrainian Alphabets And Pronunciation. Popular Locations to Learn Russian in Ukraine . Ranking based on authentic reviews of Russian schools in Ukraine Courses from 259 € Free cancellation Exclusive discounts & Lowest price guaranteed Free and impartial advice from our friendly consultants . The Old East-Slavic language can be traced further back to … While most of the population is able to communicate in both Ukrainian and Russian, the issue has consistently served as a political flashpoint ever since Ukraine gained independence in 1991. Russian and Ukrainian are closely related, being that they’re both East-Slavic languages and in terms of grammar, vocabulary and pronunciation, they have a lot in common even though other Slavic languages might be closer. A March 2010 poll[5] by Research & Branding Group showed that 65% considered Ukrainian as their native language and 33% Russian. Two percent had another native language. One disadvantage with Ukrainian might be that it’s a language with less learning materials available, however. As demonstrated in the comparison above, however, most letters are the same, and those who aren’t often have equivalent sounds represented by other letters. Ukrainian and Russian are both East-Slavic languages, meaning that they are closely related. The Old East-Slavic language that turned into modern day Ukrainian and Russian split up around the 14th century. Whether you are a student, a business professional, or a traveler, there is a language course in Ukraine that is right for you. Russian and Ukrainian have a lot in common in terms of grammar. In the following, I’m going to compare the Russian and Ukrainian alphabets and how they’re pronounced. So.. How Close Are Ukrainian And Russian Really? [12] In October 2014 the Constitutional Court of Ukraine started reviewing the constitutionality of the law,[13] and on 28 February 2018 it ruled the law unconstitutional.[13]. According to a survey conducted in 2006-2007 by Gallup, formerly the American Institute of Public Opinion, 83% of the respondents preferred to conduct the Gallup interview i… They don't like to be connected with the Russian sphere. Russian is also spoken as a second language by most Ukrainian speakers. This poll also showed the standard of knowledge of the Russian language (free conversational language, writing and reading) in current Ukraine is higher (76%) than the standard of knowledge of the Ukrainian language (69%). Russian is the native language of 29.6% of Ukraine's population and the rest (2.9%) are native speakers of other languages. Russian and Ukrainian are two East Slavic languages spoken in Russia and Ukraine in Eastern Europe and the Northern part of the Eurasian continent. No unifying set of characteristics; the term is used for "norm-breaking, non-obedience to or non-awareness of the rules of the Ukrainian and Russian standard languages". The imperialistic language policy of the Russian Empire escalated in the 19th century when several decrees were issued to ban the Ukrainian language from public use, e.g. Just select a course type from the list below to get started. So should you learn Russian or Ukrainian? X #1 Most Visited Website for Language Course Reservations. Many concepts are similar in use and function, but different in execution like it’s the case with many related languages.eval(ez_write_tag([[300,250],'autolingual_com-banner-1','ezslot_7',115,'0','0'])); Like most Slavic languages, Russian and Ukrainian use cases, but where Russian has 6 cases, Ukrainian has a seventh case called the “vocative case“, which is used to address people. Ukraine’s variety of this language is Ukrainian Russian (Українська російська мова Ukrains’ka rosiis’ka mova). Ukrainian grammar also differs from Russian in that it has 3 future tenses as opposed to the two future tenses that exist in Russian. The main aim of One year Russian language learning program is to provide a great base of Russian language for further education and free communication. The next most popular languages spoken in Ukraine is Russian with about 29.6% native speakers. This video is all about the differences (and similarities!) Novamova Kyiv is happy to announce that Ukraine has opened the borders for foreign citizens! Kiev (or Kyiv) with its 3.5 mln population is the largest Russian-speaking city outside of Russia. Russian allows me to speak to just about everyone in Ukraine, Russia, Belarus, and the former USSR countries. Learning Russian? If you’re interested in learning Ukrainian or Russian, go have a look at my study time calculator which you can use as a tool to help you plan your language learning process and schedule in the future. The NovaMova Russian Language School combines effective Russian language learning and a variety of activities in Odessa, a city known for its vibrant cultural life and relaxed seaside atmosphere. The two languages have many things in common, partly because of their shared history from the middle ages, through the epoch of the Russian Empire, the Soviet Union and finally, the close (although not always friendly) relationship of Russian and Ukraine in today’s era. Ukrainian is mainly an advantage in Ukraine, and it remains the better choice for communicating with Ukrainians.eval(ez_write_tag([[250,250],'autolingual_com-large-mobile-banner-1','ezslot_5',118,'0','0'])); In terms of difficulty, whether you study Ukrainian or teach yourself Russian represents pretty much the same challenge. As a Russian speaker, however, you’d have no problems in Ukraine. I would like to learn Ukrainian, but as a native English speaker, learning Russian is just more useful and there are more resources for Russian learners. Ukraine is open for foreigners again! Surzhyk (су́ржик, ) refers to a range of mixed (macaronic) sociolects of Ukrainian and Russian languages used in certain regions of Ukraine and adjacent lands. According to the 2001 census, Ukrainian is spoken by about 67.5% of the population of Ukraine as their native language. The focus of the analysis is on the individual- and regional-level effects. In fact, Russian is the only language there that almost everyone speaks fluently. The majority of Ukrainians are, however, completely bilingual and fluent in both languages … [15] The exception from this being language classes that would be taught using "English or other official languages of the European Union. The common Slavic roots of Ukrainian and Russian isn’t always a unifying factor either. We have a team of creative professional teachers with long-term experience. In Russian, the twelve months are adapted to the names commonly used in European languages, whereas the Ukrainian months refer to something that symbolically or metaphorically describes the month like “Січень” for January, which means “to cut” or “Квітень” for April which refers to flowers. Wikipedia. Since then, the dialect that turned into Russian has been influenced by Old Church Slavonic whereas Ukrainian evolved in parallel with West-Slavic languages such as Polish, Czech and Slovak, from which it took a lot of influence. If you’re an Ukrainian speaker, don’t count on being able to get by in Russia while only relying on Ukrainian. Subtitles in Russian and … Unlike many other Slavic languages, Russian and Ukrainian both use the Cyrillic alphabet, only with a few letters being different. Some do in fact argue that Ukrainian shouldn’t be considered as an East-Slavic language at all, being that it has more in common with West-Slavic languages such as Polish, Czech and Slovak than it does with Russian. This hasn’t got anything to do with linguistic proximity, though, but more with the fact that most Ukrainians speak Russian as a second language. The official language of Ukraine is Ukrainian, an East Slavic language, which is the native language of 67.5% of Ukraine's population. “уродливый ” is “ugly” in Russian, but “handsome” in Ukrainian. Let’s start with vocabulary – the actual words we use and pass through generations.In terms of vocabulary, the Ukrainian language is the closest to Belarusian (16% of differences), and the Russian language to Bulgarian (27% of differences). While Ukrainian and Russian are spoken either as a first language or a second language by the vast majority of the Ukrainian population, a wide range of other languages are spoken in Ukraine. The law required the school used Ukrainian, the national language, in all classes that did not require a second language. [2][3], In an October 2009 poll by FOM-Ukraine of 1,000 respondents, 52% stated they use Russian as their "Language of communication"; while 41% of the respondents state they use Ukrainian and 8% stated they use a mixture of both.[4]. We use the modern communicative approach, which is used at all International House schools worldwide. According to a survey conducted in 2006-2007 by Gallup, formerly the American Institute of Public Opinion, 83% of the respondents preferred to conduct the Gallup interview in Russian.[1]. Vocabulary In Russian And Ukrainian – How Different Are The Words? Ukrainian and Russian are both East-Slavic languages, meaning that they are closely related. More respondents preferred to speak Ukrainian (46%) than Russian (38%) with 16% preferring to speak both in equal manner. Although Ukraine is the official language in Ukraine, Russian is spoken by the majority of population in their everyday life. In addition to the centuries that the two languages were separated from one another, one of the reasons for the relatively low lexical similarity might be the historical language reforms that Russian went through under Peter the Great in the 19th century. Ukrainian and Russian both use the Cyrillic alphabet for writing, but with a few differences both in the letters used but also how they’re pronounced. [8], The following table gives the languages with their number of speakers according to the 2001 Ukrainian Census:[9], Not included the table above are Rusyn with 6,725 speakers as of 2001,[10] Ukrainian Sign Language (54,000 in 2008), Eastern Yiddish (11,500 in 2007), Urum (95,000 in 2000, often included under Tatar), and Krymchak (200 as of 2007). Help & Contact. Ukrainian Minority Languages. The Russian language is also used as an official language in the United Nations, and also a primary language used by internet users around the world. According to the Russian census 1897 on the territory of the nine Russian guberniyas in modern Ukraine yielded the following results: 1989 / 2001 Fluency in Ukrainian (red column) and Russian (blue column), 2001 Majority self-professed "native" (not necessarily habitually spoken) language by locality, In 2016, a New rule came into force requiring Ukraine's radio stations to play a quota of Ukrainian-language songs each day. eval(ez_write_tag([[468,60],'autolingual_com-medrectangle-3','ezslot_13',112,'0','0'])); The Old East-Slavic language can be traced further back to the Proto-Slavic language which is the common ancestor of all Slavic languages, spoken as far back as 4.000 years. between Russian and Ukrainian! [11], As a result of legislation entitled the 'Bill on the principles of the state language policy", which was adopted by the Verkhovna Rada in August 2012, languages spoken by at least 10% of an oblast's population were made possible to be elevated to the status of 'regional language'. The study polled 10,071 individuals and held a 1% margin of error. They also share hundreds of years of history, a common linguistic ancestor and an alphabet. The two languages have a lot of “false friends” – or words that exist in both languages but have different meanings. In an 11–23 December 2015 study by the Razumkov Centre taken in all regions of Ukraine other than Russian-annexed Crimea, and separatist controlled Donetsk, and Luhansk, a majority considered Ukrainian their native language (60%), followed by Russian (15%), while 22% used both languages equally. It is true that the two languages share a lot of words from common Proto-Slavic roots, but according to some sources, Ukrainian is in fact closer to Polish and much closer to Belarusian than it is to Russian, which, on the other hand, shares more vocabulary with Bulgarian, Serbian, Macedonian and even Belarusian than it does with Ukrainian. Ukrainian is most popular in central and western Ukraine. Ethnologue lists 40 minority languages and dialects; nearly all are native to the former Soviet Union. 1-year Russian language group program. Distribution of the population of Ukraine`s regions by native language (0,1)", "Чисельність осіб окремих етнографічних груп украінського етносу та їх рідна мова", "Russian becomes regional language in three more regions in Ukraine", Constitutional Court declares unconstitutional language law of Kivalov-Kolesnichenko, https://www.bbc.com/news/blogs-news-from-elsewhere-37908828, "Upcoming Elections and Ukrainian "Ultra-nationalism, "New education law becomes effective in Ukraine", Ukrainian-zone.com - learn Ukrainian online, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Languages_of_Ukraine&oldid=992002327, Articles with disputed statements from November 2008, Articles with dead external links from February 2020, Articles with permanently dead external links, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License, This page was last edited on 2 December 2020, at 23:34. Russian is also one of the most widespread languages in the world, with speakers in Russia, Ukraine, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Ukraine, Latvia, Moldova, Estonia, Georgia Tajikistan, Lithuania, Azerbaijan, Uzbekistan, and Belarus. There are Russian courses available for all fluency levels, ages and time durations. [6], An August 2011 poll by Razumkov Centre showed that 53.3% of the respondents use the Ukrainian language in everyday life, while 44.5% use Russian. NEW. In this period, many words from European languages such as French, Italian, German and Latin were “imported” into the Russian language. “Печеня” means “roast” in Russian, but “cookie” in Ukrainian. Ukraine is quite an interesting country in regards to language. (Actually, Only Equatorial Guinea), “ch” (as in Scottish: “loch” – sounds like you’re, hard sign (preceding letter pronounced “hard”), “i” (or closer to a French “u” or a German “ü”), soft sign (preceding letter pronounced “soft”). The law also requires TV and radio broadcasters to ensure 60% of programs such as news and analysis are in Ukrainian. - students can freely get the higher education in Russia, Ukraine or other CIS countries - up to 15 students in a group Russian courses in Ukraine Ukrainian culture is enriched by a pool of great writers, painters, musicians and filmmakers. For the preferred language of work, an equal amount chose either Ukrainian or Russian (37%) and 21% communicated bilingually. According to estimates from Demoskop Weekly, in 2004 there were 14,400,000 native speakers of Russian in the country, and 29 million active speakers. Currently, Ukrainian is the only official language recognized across the entire nation. Other grammatical differences obviously exist between Russian and Ukrainian, but these are minor. This paper examines the problem of current status of the Russian language in Ukraine. Whilst Ukrainian remained the country's only 'official' language nationwide, other languages, dependent on their adoption by oblast authorities, became accepted mediums of communication in education, local government offices, courts and official correspondence. Therefore, Kiev and Odessa, which are both located in central and eastern Ukraine, are more suited for cultural immersion and Russian language learning. The most important differences are the following: In addition to the above, both Russian and Ukrainian have “hard” and “soft” versions of their consonants, but generally, Ukrainian uses the soft variants much more. But once I get a good grasp of Russian, I would definitely like to learn Ukrainian. Ukrainian is the native language of some 67 percent of Ukraine's population of almost 45 million, while Russian is the native language of almost 30 percent. [7], In a May 2012 poll by RATING, 50% of respondents considered Ukrainian their native language, 29% Russian, 20% consider both Ukrainian and Russian their mother tongue and 1% considered a different language their native language. Learn more . “Лихой” means “dashing” in Russian, but in Ukrainian “wicked”. (Moldovan? The varieties of Romani represented are Vlax, Carpathian and Balkan. By the time the Russian Empire was destroyed in the October Revolution in 1917, the differences between the languages were already at the level it is today: Russian and Ukrainian were completely different. According to Article 10 of the Constitution of Ukraine the state has an obligation to ensure the comprehensive development and functioning of the Ukrainian language in all spheres of social life throughout Ukraine while guaranteeing the free development, use and protection of the Russian language and other languages of national minorities of Ukraine. 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